Lokacin da kuka fara aiki mai ban sha'awa - ko yana gina ingantacciyar injin CNC na tebur kyauta ko kuma hannun mutum-mutumi mai motsi a hankali - zabar abubuwan haɗin wutar lantarki da suka dace galibi shine mabuɗin nasara. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake aiwatarwa da yawa, injinan injinan stepper sun zama zaɓin da aka fi so don masu yin, injiniyoyi, da masana'antun saboda madaidaicin ikon buɗe madauki, kyakkyawan juriya mai ƙarfi, da ƙarancin farashi.
Koyaya, fuskantar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan) ma'adinai da ma'auni masu rikitarwa masu rikitarwa, ta yaya za'a zaɓi ingantacciyar injin ɗin da ya fi dacewa don injin ɗinku ko injin CNC? Zaɓin zaɓi mara kyau na iya haifar da rashin inganci, rashin isasshen ƙarfi, ko ma gazawar aikin. Wannan jagorar za ta zama jagorar zaɓinku na ƙarshe, ɗaukar ku mataki-mataki don fayyace duk mahimman abubuwan da kuma yanke shawara masu kyau.
Mataki 1: Fahimtar ainihin buƙatun - babban bambanci tsakanin mutummutumi da CNC
Kafin yin nazarin kowane sigogi, dole ne ku fayyace ainihin abubuwan buƙatun yanayin aikace-aikacen ku na motar.
Ayyukan Robot (kamar makaman mutum-mutumi, mutummutumi na hannu):
Abubuwan buƙatun: amsa mai ƙarfi, nauyi, girma, da inganci. Haɗin jikin mutum-mutumi yana buƙatar tasha farawa akai-akai, saurin canzawa, da sauye-sauyen shugabanci, kuma nauyin motar kai tsaye yana shafar ɗaukacin nauyi da yawan wutar lantarki.
Maɓallin Maɓalli: Biya ƙarin hankali ga madaidaicin saurin juzu'i (musamman matsakaita zuwa babban juzu'i) da ikon zuwa rabon nauyi.
CNC inji kayan aikin (kamar 3-axis engraving inji, Laser sabon inji):
Abubuwan buƙatun: tuƙi, santsi, kiyaye juyi, da daidaito. Kayan aikin injin CNC suna buƙatar shawo kan juriya mai girma yayin yankan ko zane-zane, kula da motsi mai santsi don guje wa girgiza, da matsayi daidai.
Maɓallin Maɓalli: Biya ƙarin hankali ga kiyaye juzu'i a cikin ƙananan gudu, ƙudurin matakin ƙarami don rage rawar jiki, da rigidity na mota.
Fahimtar wannan babban bambance-bambance shine ginshikin duk shawarwarin zaɓi na gaba.
Mataki na 2: Fassarar Mahimman Mabuɗin Maɓalli Biyar na Micro stepper Motors
Anan akwai mahimman sigogi guda biyar waɗanda dole ne ku kula da su a cikin jagorar bayanai.
1. Girma da karfin juyi - ginshiƙan ƙarfi
Girman (lambar tushe na injin): yawanci ana bayyana su a cikin millimeters (kamar NEMA 11, 17, 23). Ma'aunin NEMA yana bayyana ma'aunin shigarwar injina, ba aikinsu ba. NEMA 17 shine mafi girman girman girman mutum-mutumi na tebur da CNC, samun daidaito mai kyau tsakanin girman da karfin wuta. Karamin NEMA 11/14 ya dace da haɗin gwiwar robot mai sauƙi; Babban NEMA 23 ya dace da manyan kayan aikin injin CNC.
Kula da karfin juyi: Naúrar ita ce N · cm ko Oz · in. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin ƙarfin da motar zata iya haifarwa lokacin da aka kunna wutar lantarki amma ba juyawa ba. Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin nuni don auna ƙarfin injin. Don kayan aikin injin CNC, kuna buƙatar isassun ƙarfin riƙewa don tsayayya da yanke sojojin; Don mutummutumi, yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige iyakar ƙarfin da ake buƙata don haɗin gwiwa.
Yadda za a kimanta karfin da ake bukata?
Don kayan aikin injin CNC, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar babban yatsan yatsa shine cewa ana buƙatar juzu'in da zai iya samar da aƙalla 20-30N (kimanin kilogiram 2-3). Wannan yana buƙatar jujjuya shi ta hanyar gubar da inganci na dunƙulewa. Don mutum-mutumi, ana buƙatar ƙididdige ƙididdiga masu ƙarfi bisa tsayin hannu, nauyin kaya, da haɓakawa. Tabbatar barin gefen juzu'i na 30% -50% don jure abubuwan da ba su da tabbas kamar gogayya da rashin ƙarfi.
2.Matsayin mataki da daidaito - ruhin mataki
Mataki na kusurwa: kamar 1.8 ° ko 0.9 °. Motar 1.8 ° tana juyawa sau ɗaya kowane matakai 200, yayin da injin 0.9 ° yana buƙatar matakai 400. Karamin kusurwar mataki, mafi girman daidaitattun injin. Motar 0.9 ° yawanci yana da santsi yayin gudu a ƙananan gudu.
3. Yanzu da Voltage - Daidaitawar Direbobi
Mataki na yanzu: Naúrar ita ce Ampere (A). Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu wanda kowane juzu'i na injin zai iya jurewa. Wannan siga kai tsaye yana ƙayyade abin tuƙi ya kamata ku zaɓa. Ƙarfin fitarwa na yanzu na direba dole ne ya dace da motar.
Voltage: Motoci galibi ana ƙididdige su don ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki, amma ainihin ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki na iya zama mafi girma fiye da wannan (wanda direba ya ƙaddara). Ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana taimakawa inganta aikin motar mai sauri.
4. Inductance da babban aiki mai sauri - mahimman abubuwan da ke da sauƙin mantawa
Inductance wani mahimmin al'amari ne da ke shafar maƙarƙashiya mai sauri na abin hawa. Ƙananan inductance Motors na iya kafa halin yanzu da sauri, yana haifar da mafi kyawun aiki a babban gudu. Idan mahaɗin robot ɗinku suna buƙatar juyawa da sauri, ko kuma idan injin ɗin ku na CNC yana son haɓaka ƙimar abinci, yakamata ku ba da fifikon zaɓin samfura tare da ƙarancin inductance.
5. Nau'in shaft da hanyar layi mai fita - cikakkun bayanai na haɗin injiniya
Nau'in shaft: Tantancewar axis, lebur shaft guda, lebur mai lebur biyu, shaft gear. Gyaran nau'in D (lebur ɗin lebur ɗaya) shine ya fi kowa kuma yana iya hana haɗakarwa daga zamewa yadda ya kamata.
Hanyar fita: mai fita kai tsaye ko toshewa. Hanyar plug-in (kamar 4-pin ko 6-pin shugaban jirgin sama) ya dace don shigarwa da kulawa, kuma zaɓi ne mafi ƙwarewa.
Mataki na 3: Abokin zama wanda ba makawa - yadda ake zabar direban motar stepper
Motar da kanta ba zata iya aiki ba kuma dole ne a haɗa shi da direban stepper. Ingancin direba kai tsaye yana ƙayyade aikin ƙarshe na tsarin.
Microstep: Rarraba gaba ɗaya mataki zuwa ƙananan matakai (kamar 16, 32, 256 microsteps). Babban aikin micro stepping shine don sa motsin motar ya zama santsi sosai, yana rage rawar jiki da hayaniya, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ingancin kayan aikin injin CNC.
Ikon sarrafawa na yanzu: Kwararrun direbobi suna da aikin rabin halin yanzu na atomatik. Rage halin yanzu ta atomatik lokacin da motar ke tsaye, rage haɓakar zafi da yawan kuzari.
Kwamfuta/modules na direba na gama gari:
Matsayin shigarwa: A4988- Low cost, dace da sauki ayyukan robot.
Babban Zabin: TMC2208/TMC2209- Yana goyan bayan tuƙi shiru (yanayin StealthShop), yana gudana sosai cikin nutsuwa, kyakkyawan zaɓi ne don kayan aikin injin CNC, kuma yana ba da ƙarin ayyukan sarrafawa.
Babban aiki: DRV8825/TB6600- yana ba da goyon baya mafi girma na halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karfin juzu'i.
Ka tuna: direban da ke da kyau zai iya haɓaka ƙarfin motar.
Mataki na 4: Tsari na Zaɓa na Aiki da Ra'ayoyin Jama'a
Hanyar zaɓin mataki huɗu:
Ƙayyade kaya: A sarari ayyana matsakaicin nauyin nauyi, saurin da ake buƙata, da saurin da injin ku ke buƙatar motsawa.
Ƙirƙirar juzu'i: Yi amfani da kalkuleta mai jujjuyawar kan layi ko dabarar injina don ƙididdige ƙarfin ƙarfin da ake buƙata.
Zaɓin farko na injina: Zaɓi ƙirar ɗan takara guda 2-3 bisa la'akari da buƙatun juzu'i da girman buƙatun, kuma kwatanta juzu'in saurin jujjuyawar su.
Direban daidaitawa: Zaɓi tsarin direban da ya dace da samar da wutar lantarki dangane da yanayin halin yanzu na motar da ayyukan da ake buƙata (kamar bebe, babban yanki).
Ra'ayoyin Jama'a (Gujewa Jagorar Ramuka):
Rashin fahimta 1: Mafi girman karfin juyi, mafi kyau. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana nufin manyan injuna, nauyi mai nauyi, da yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, wanda ke cutar da haɗin gwiwar mutum-mutumi.
Rashin fahimta 2:Kawai mayar da hankali kan kiyaye juzu'i kuma kuyi watsi da karfin juyi mai saurin gaske. Motar tana da babban juyi a ƙananan gudu, amma yayin da saurin ya karu, ƙarfin zai ragu. Tabbatar duba ginshiƙi mai saurin jujjuyawa.
Rashin fahimta 3: Rashin isasshen wutar lantarki. Samar da wutar lantarki shine tushen makamashi na tsarin. Rarraunan wutar lantarki ba zai iya fitar da motar don yin cikakken ƙarfinsa ba. Wutar lantarki ya kamata ya zama aƙalla matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na direba, kuma ƙarfin halin yanzu ya kamata ya fi 60% na jimlar duk igiyoyin motsi na motsi.
Mataki na 5: Babban La'akari - Yaushe Muna Bukatar La'akari da Tsarin Rufe Rufe?
Motocin stepper na al'ada suna sarrafa madauki, kuma idan nauyin ya yi girma kuma yana haifar da motar zuwa "rasa mataki", mai sarrafawa ba zai iya saninsa ba. Wannan mummunan aibi ne ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar dogaro 100%, kamar mashin ɗin CNC na kasuwanci.
Motar stepper mai rufaffiyar madauki tana haɗa mai ɓoyewa a ƙarshen ƙarshen motar, wanda zai iya saka idanu akan matsayi a ainihin lokacin kuma daidai kurakurai. Yana hadawa da abũbuwan amfãni daga high karfin juyi ga stepper Motors da kuma AMINCI ga servo Motors. Idan aikinku:
Ba a yarda da haɗarin karkacewa ba.
Wajibi ne don cikakken amfani da matsakaicin aikin motar (rufe-madauki na iya samar da saurin gudu).
Ana amfani dashi don samfuran kasuwanci.
Don haka, saka hannun jari a cikin rufaffiyar madauki stepper tsarin yana da daraja.
Kammalawa
Zaɓin injin ɗin da ya dace da injin ɗin ku na robot ko na'urar CNC injiniyan tsarin ne wanda ke buƙatar cikakkiyar la'akari da abubuwan injiniya, lantarki, da sarrafawa. Babu motar 'mafi kyau', kawai motar 'mafi dacewa'.
Don taƙaita mahimman abubuwan, farawa daga yanayin aikace-aikacen, mutummutumi suna ba da fifikon aiki mai ƙarfi da nauyi, yayin da kayan aikin injin CNC ke ba da fifikon juzu'i da kwanciyar hankali. Yi la'akari da mahimmancin maɓalli na juzu'i, halin yanzu, da inductance, kuma sanya shi tare da ingantaccen direba da isasshiyar wutar lantarki. Ta hanyar jagora a cikin wannan labarin, Ina fatan za ku iya amincewa da yin cikakken zaɓi don babban aikinku na gaba, tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da kuka ƙirƙira suna gudana daidai, da ƙarfi, da dogaro.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-25-2025