Motocin Stepperza a iya amfani da shi don sarrafa saurin gudu da kuma kula da sakawa ba tare da amfani da na'urorin amsawa ba (watau ikon sarrafa madauki), don haka wannan maganin tuƙi yana da tattalin arziki da aminci. A cikin kayan aikin atomatik, kayan aikin, stepper drive an yi amfani da su sosai. Amma da yawa masu amfani da fasaha ma'aikata a kan yadda za a zabi dace stepper motor, yadda za a yi mafi kyau yi na stepper drive ko samun karin tambayoyi. Wannan takarda yayi magana akan zaɓi na injin motsa jiki, yana mai da hankali kan aikace-aikacen wasu ƙwarewar injiniyan injin motsa jiki, Ina fata cewa haɓakar injinan stepper a cikin kayan aikin sarrafa kansa don taka rawa a cikin tunani.
1. Gabatarwa nastepper motor
Ana kuma san motar stepper a matsayin motar bugun bugun jini ko motar mataki. Yana ci gaba ta wani kusurwa a duk lokacin da yanayin tashin hankali ya canza bisa ga siginar shigar da bugun jini, kuma ya kasance a tsaye a wani matsayi lokacin da yanayin tashin hankali ya kasance baya canzawa. Wannan yana ba da motar stepper damar canza siginar shigarwar bugun jini zuwa madaidaicin madaidaicin kusurwa don fitarwa. Ta hanyar sarrafa adadin bugun jini na shigarwa zaka iya ƙayyade daidaitaccen motsi na kusurwa na fitarwa don cimma matsayi mafi kyau; kuma ta hanyar sarrafa mitar ƙwanƙolin shigarwa za ku iya sarrafa daidaitaccen saurin angular na fitarwa da cimma manufar daidaita saurin. A cikin ƙarshen 1960s, nau'ikan injunan motsa jiki iri-iri sun kasance, kuma shekaru 40 na ƙarshe sun ga ci gaba cikin sauri. Motocin Stepper sun sami damar zuwa injinan DC, injinan asynchronous, da kuma injinan aiki tare, sun zama ainihin nau'in injin. Akwai nau'ikan injin stepper guda uku: mai amsawa (nau'in VR), magnet dindindin (nau'in PM) da kuma matasan (nau'in HB). The matasan stepper motor hadawa abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin na farko biyu siffofin stepper motor. The stepper motor kunshi na'ura mai juyi (rotor core, m maganadiso, shaft, ball bearings), a stator (winding, stator core), gaba da kuma raya karshen iyakoki, da dai sauransu Mafi hankula biyu-lokaci matasan stepper motor yana da stator tare da 8 manyan hakora, 40 kananan hakora da kuma rotor tare da 50 kananan hakora; Motar mai hawa uku tana da stator mai manyan hakora 9, kanana hakora 45 da rotor mai kananan hakora 50.
2.Control ka'ida
Thestepper motorba za a iya haɗa kai tsaye zuwa wutar lantarki ba, kuma ba za ta iya karɓar siginar bugun jini kai tsaye ba, dole ne a gane ta ta hanyar dubawa ta musamman - direban motar stepper don yin hulɗa tare da wutar lantarki da mai sarrafawa. Direban motar stepper gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi mai rarraba zobe, da da'ira mai ƙara ƙarfi. Mai rarraba zobe yana karɓar siginar sarrafawa daga mai sarrafawa. Duk lokacin da aka karɓi siginar bugun jini ana jujjuya fitowar mai raba zobe sau ɗaya, don haka kasancewar ko rashi da mitar siginar bugun jini na iya tantance ko saurin motsin stepper yana da girma ko ƙasa, yana haɓaka ko raguwa don farawa ko tsayawa. Hakanan dole ne mai rarraba zobe ya saka idanu da siginar jagora daga mai sarrafawa don tantance ko canjin yanayin fitowar sa yana cikin tsari mai kyau ko mara kyau, don haka ƙayyade tuƙin motar stepper.
3.Main sigogi
①Lambar katange: galibi 20, 28, 35, 42, 57, 60, 86, da sauransu.
②Lambar lokaci: adadin coils a cikin injin stepper, lambar yanayin motsi gabaɗaya yana da kashi biyu, mataki uku, mataki biyar. Kasar Sin tana amfani da injinan stepper masu hawa biyu musamman, mataki uku kuma yana da wasu aikace-aikace. Japan ana amfani da mafi sau da yawa mataki biyar stepper Motors
③ kusurwar mataki: daidai da siginar bugun jini, motsi na kusurwa na jujjuyawar motsi. Tsarin lissafin kusurwar mataki na Stepper motor shine kamar haka
kusurwar mataki = 360° ÷ (2mz)
m adadin matakan motsin stepper
Z adadin hakora na rotor na stepper motor.
Dangane da dabarar da ke sama, kusurwar mataki na biyu-lokaci, uku-lokaci da kuma mataki biyar stepper Motors shine 1.8 °, 1,2 ° da 0.72 ° bi da bi.
④ Rike karfin juyi: shine karfin jujjuyawar iskar motar ta hanyar rating current, amma rotor baya juyawa, stator yana kulle rotor. Riƙe karfin juyi shine mafi mahimmancin siga na injin motsa jiki, kuma shine babban tushen zaɓin motar
⑤ Matsayin juzu'i: shine ƙarfin da ake buƙata don kunna rotor tare da ƙarfin waje lokacin da motar ba ta wuce halin yanzu ba. Ƙwaƙwalwar juyi yana ɗaya daga cikin alamun wasan kwaikwayon don kimanta motar, a cikin yanayin sauran sigogi iri ɗaya ne, ƙaramin madaidaicin matsayi yana nufin cewa "tasirin ramuka" ya fi ƙanƙanta, mafi fa'ida ga smoothness na motar da ke gudana a cikin halayen mitar juzu'i mai ƙarancin gudu: galibi yana nufin halayen mitar juyi da aka zana, motar barga aiki a wani tsayin daka na iya jurewa ba tare da matsakaicin matsakaici ba. Ana amfani da madaidaicin lokaci-lokaci don bayyana alakar da ke tsakanin matsakaicin karfin juyi da sauri (mita) ba tare da asarar mataki ba. Matsakaicin mitar juzu'i shine muhimmin siga na injin stepper kuma shine babban tushen zaɓin motar.
⑥ Ƙididdigar halin yanzu: motsin motsin motsin da ake buƙata don kula da ƙima mai ƙima, ƙimar inganci
4. Zabar maki
Aikace-aikacen masana'antu da aka yi amfani da su a cikin saurin motar stepper har zuwa 600 ~ 1500rpm, mafi girman gudu, zaku iya la'akari da rufaffiyar madaidaicin stepper motor drive, ko zaɓi mafi dacewa shirin servo drive stepper zaɓi matakan zaɓi (duba hoton da ke ƙasa).
(1) Zaɓin kusurwar mataki
Dangane da adadin matakai na motar, akwai nau'ikan matakan mataki guda uku: 1.8 ° (tsayi biyu), 1.2 ° (lokaci uku), 0.72 ° (lokaci biyar). Tabbas, kusurwar mataki mai matakai biyar yana da daidaito mafi girma amma motarsa da direbansa sun fi tsada, don haka da wuya a yi amfani da shi a kasar Sin. Bugu da ƙari, manyan direbobin stepper na yau da kullum suna amfani da fasaha na fasaha na yanki, a cikin 4 subdivision kasa, subdivision mataki kwana daidaito za a iya har yanzu a iya garanti, don haka idan mataki kusurwa daidaito Manuniya kadai daga la'akari, biyar mataki stepper motor za a iya maye gurbinsu da biyu-lokaci mataki ko uku mataki stepper motor. Misali, a cikin aikace-aikacen wasu nau'in gubar don nauyin dunƙule na 5mm, idan ana amfani da motar hawa mataki biyu kuma an saita direban a yankuna 4, adadin bugun jini a kowane juyi na motar shine 200 x 4 = 800, kuma bugun bugun jini daidai shine 5 ÷ 800 = 0.006.25mm mafi yawan buƙatun aikace-aikacen.
(2) Zaɓan madaidaicin juzu'i (riƙewa).
Hanyoyin watsa kaya da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da bel ɗin aiki tare, sandunan filament, tara da pinion, da dai sauransu. Abokan ciniki sun fara ƙididdige nauyin injin su (yafi karfin juyi da jujjuyawar juzu'i) waɗanda aka canza zuwa madaidaicin nauyin da ake buƙata akan mashin motar. Sa'an nan, bisa ga matsakaicin gudun gudu da ake buƙata ta furanni na lantarki, waɗannan nau'o'in amfani guda biyu daban-daban don zaɓar madaidaicin madaidaicin motsi na stepper motor ① don aikace-aikacen motar da ake buƙata na 300pm ko žasa: idan an canza nauyin na'ura zuwa mashin motar da ake buƙatar ɗaukar nauyin T1, to, wannan nauyin nauyin nauyin yana ninka ta hanyar aminci-2. Tn ②2 don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar saurin mota na 300pm ko fiye: saita matsakaicin matsakaicin Nmax, idan nauyin injin ya canza zuwa mashin motar, nauyin nauyin da ake buƙata shine T1, to, wannan nauyin nauyin nauyin yana ninka ta hanyar aminci SF (yawanci 2.5-3.5), wanda ke ba da karfin T. Koma zuwa Hoto na 4 kuma zaɓi samfurin da ya dace. Sannan yi amfani da madaidaicin mitar lokaci don dubawa da kwatantawa: akan madaidaicin lokaci-lokaci, matsakaicin saurin Nmax da mai amfani ke buƙata yayi daidai da matsakaicin matsakaicin matakin da aka rasa na T2, sannan matsakaicin matakin da aka rasa ya kamata ya fi 20% girma fiye da T1. In ba haka ba, ya zama dole don zaɓar sabon motar tare da mafi girma juzu'i, kuma duba da sake kwatantawa bisa ga madaidaicin mita na sabon motar da aka zaɓa.
(3) Girman lambar tushe na motar, mafi girman karfin jujjuyawar.
(4) bisa ga ƙimar halin yanzu don zaɓar direban stepper mai dacewa.
Misali, rated halin yanzu na wani mota 57CM23 ne 5A, sa'an nan ka dace da drive ta matsakaicin izinin halin yanzu na fiye da 5A (da fatan za a lura cewa shi ne tasiri darajar maimakon ganiya), in ba haka ba idan ka zabi matsakaicin halin yanzu na kawai 3A drive, matsakaicin karfin fitarwa na mota zai iya zama kusan 60%!
5, ƙwarewar aikace-aikacen
(1) stepper motor low mita resonance matsalar
Subdivision stepper drive hanya ce mai tasiri don rage ƙarancin mitar motsin stepper. A ƙasa da 150rpm, injin yanki yana da tasiri sosai wajen rage girgizar motar. A bisa ka'ida, mafi girman yanki, mafi kyawun sakamako akan rage motsin motsi na stepper, amma ainihin halin da ake ciki shine cewa juzu'in yana ƙaruwa zuwa 8 ko 16 bayan haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar motsin motsa jiki ya kai matsananci.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sami ƙwararrun direbobi masu ƙarancin-ƙananan faɗakarwa da aka jera a gida da waje, Leisai's DM, jerin samfuran samfuran DM-S, fasahar rawa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Wannan jerin direbobi suna amfani da ramuwa masu jituwa, ta hanyar amplitude da ramuwa masu dacewa da lokaci, na iya rage ƙarancin mitar motsin motsi na stepper, don cimma ƙarancin rawar jiki da ƙarancin amo na motar.
(2) Tasirin subdivision motor stepper akan daidaita daidaito
Stepper motor subdivision drive circuit ba zai iya kawai inganta smoothness na na'urar motsi, amma kuma iya yadda ya kamata inganta saka daidaito na kayan aiki. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa: A cikin dandali na motsi na motsi na bel ɗin aiki tare, yanki na stepper motor 4, ana iya daidaita motar daidai a kowane mataki.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-11-2023