1, Menene encoder
A lokacin aikin waniAkwatin gear na tsutsa N20 DC motor, ana sa ido kan sigogi kamar halin yanzu, gudu da matsayin kusanci na alkiblar da'irar shaft mai juyawa a ainihin lokacin don tantance yanayin jikin motar da kayan aikin da ake ja, da kuma don sarrafa yanayin aiki na motar da kayan aiki a ainihin lokacin, don haka yana aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa na musamman kamar daidaita servo da saurin gudu. A nan, amfani da mai rikodin a matsayin abin aunawa na gaba ba wai kawai yana sauƙaƙa tsarin aunawa ba ne, har ma yana da daidaito, abin dogaro da ƙarfi. Mai rikodin firikwensin juyawa ne wanda ke canza adadin matsayi da motsi na sassan juyawa zuwa jerin siginar bugun dijital, waɗanda tsarin sarrafawa ke tattarawa kuma ke sarrafawa don bayar da jerin umarni don daidaitawa da canza yanayin aiki na kayan aiki. Idan mai rikodin ya haɗu da sandar gear ko sukurori, ana iya amfani da shi don auna matsayi da motsi na sassan motsi masu layi.
2, rarrabuwar mai rikodin
Rarrabuwar asali ta Encoder:
Encoder haɗin na'urar auna daidaito ne ta injiniya da lantarki, za a sanya siginar ko bayanai a cikin na'urar, a canza ta, don sadarwa, watsawa da adana bayanan sigina. Dangane da halaye daban-daban, an rarraba masu ɓoye bayanai kamar haka:
● Faifan lamba da sikelin lambar. Ana kiran mai shigar da lambar da ke canza canjin layi zuwa siginar lantarki sikelin lambar, kuma wanda ke canza canjin kusurwa zuwa sadarwa shine faifan lambar.
● Masu ƙara yawan lambobi. Yana ba da bayanai kamar matsayi, kusurwa da adadin juyawa, kuma yana ƙayyade ƙimar da ya dace da adadin bugun jini a kowace juyawa.
● Cikakken mai ɓoye bayanai. Yana ba da bayanai kamar matsayi, kusurwa, da adadin juyawa a cikin ƙaruwar kusurwa, kuma kowace ƙaruwar kusurwa an ba ta lambar musamman.
● Mai haɗakar cikakken bayani. Mai haɗakar cikakken bayani yana fitar da bayanai guda biyu: ana amfani da saitin bayanai ɗaya don gano matsayin sandar tare da aikin cikakken bayani, ɗayan kuma daidai yake da bayanin fitarwa na mai haɗakar bayanai.
Encoders da aka saba amfani da su a cikin injina:
●Mai ƙara siffa
Kai tsaye ta amfani da ƙa'idar canza wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da na'urar daukar hoto don fitar da saitin bugun murabba'i guda uku na A, B da Z. Bambancin mataki tsakanin saitin bugun jini guda biyu na A da B shine 90o, don haka za a iya tantance alkiblar juyawa cikin sauƙi; matakin Z bugun jini ɗaya ne a kowane juyi kuma ana amfani da shi don sanya wurin tunani. Fa'idodi: gina ƙa'ida mai sauƙi, matsakaicin rayuwar injina na iya wuce dubban sa'o'i, ƙarfin hana tsangwama mai ƙarfi, babban aminci, kuma ya dace da watsawa mai nisa. Rashin amfani: rashin iya fitar da cikakken bayanin matsayi na juyawar shaft.
● Cikakken mai ɓoye bayanai
Akwai tashoshi da dama na lambobin da ke da alaƙa da juna a kan alkiblar radial a kan farantin lambar da'ira na na'urar firikwensin, kuma kowace tasha ta ƙunshi sassan watsa haske da waɗanda ba sa watsa haske, kuma adadin sassan tashoshin lambar da ke maƙwabtaka ya ninka, kuma adadin tashoshin lambar da ke kan farantin lambar shine adadin lambobi biyu. Lokacin da farantin lambar yake a wurare daban-daban, kowane abu mai saurin ɗaukar hoto yana canzawa zuwa siginar matakin da ya dace bisa ga haske ko a'a, yana samar da lambar binary.
Wannan nau'in mai shigar da bayanai yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa ba a buƙatar mai ƙidaya kuma ana iya karanta lambar dijital mai dacewa da matsayin a kowane matsayi na axis mai juyawa. Babu shakka, idan aka ƙara yawan hanyoyin lamba, ƙudurin zai fi girma, kuma ga mai shigar da bayanai mai ƙudurin binary na N-bit, faifan lambar dole ne ya sami tashoshin lambar N. A halin yanzu, akwai samfuran mai shigar da bayanai mai girman bit 16 a China.
3, ƙa'idar aiki ta mai rubuta siffa
Ta hanyar faifan lambar photoelectric mai axis a tsakiya, akwai layin rubutu mai zagaye da duhu a kai, kuma akwai na'urorin watsawa da karɓar hoto don karanta shi, kuma an haɗa ƙungiyoyi huɗu na siginar sine zuwa A, B, C da D. Kowane sine ya bambanta da bambancin mataki na digiri 90 (digiri 360 dangane da raƙuman kewaye), kuma siginar C da D ana juyawa kuma ana ɗora su akan matakan A da B, wanda zai iya haɓaka siginar da ta dawwama; kuma ana fitar da wani bugun Z na kowane juyin juya hali don wakiltar matsayin nunin matsayi sifili.
Ganin cewa matakai biyu na A da B sun bambanta da digiri 90, ana iya kwatanta shi ko mataki na A yana gaba ko mataki na B yana gaba don gane juyawar gaba da baya na mai shigar da lambar, kuma ana iya samun ɓangaren sifili na mai shigar da lambar ta hanyar bugun sifili. Kayan farantin lambar mai shigar da lambar mai shigar da lambar suna gilashi, ƙarfe, filastik, farantin lambar gilashi an sanya shi akan layin da aka sassaka gilashin siriri sosai, kwanciyar hankalinsa na zafi yana da kyau, babban daidaito, farantin lambar ƙarfe kai tsaye don wucewa kuma ba layin da aka sassaka ba, ba mai rauni ba ne, amma saboda ƙarfe yana da wani kauri, daidaiton yana da iyaka, kwanciyar hankalinsa na zafi tsari ne na girma fiye da gilashin, farantin lambar filastik yana da tattalin arziki, farashinsa ƙasa ne, amma daidaito, kwanciyar hankali na zafi, rayuwa ba ta da kyau Wasu.
Resolution - encoder don samar da layuka nawa ta hanyar ko duhu da aka sassaka a cikin digiri 360 na juyawa ana kiransa resolution, wanda kuma aka sani da resolution indexing, ko kai tsaye layuka nawa, gabaɗaya a cikin layuka 5 ~ 10000 a kowane revolution indexing.
4, Matsayin aunawa da kuma ka'idar kula da martani
Masu shigar da bayanai (encoders) suna da matuƙar muhimmanci a cikin lif, kayan aikin injina, sarrafa kayan aiki, tsarin mayar da martani ga motoci, da kuma a cikin kayan aiki na aunawa da sarrafawa. Mai shigar da bayanai yana amfani da raga da tushen hasken infrared don canza siginar gani zuwa siginar lantarki ta TTL (HTL) ta hanyar mai karɓa. Ta hanyar nazarin mitar matakin TTL da adadin manyan matakan, kusurwar juyawa da matsayin juyawa na motar suna nunawa a gani.
Tunda ana iya auna kusurwar da matsayinta daidai, ana iya ƙirƙirar na'urar shigar da na'urar sanyaya daki (encoder) zuwa tsarin sarrafa madauri mai rufewa don sa na'urar ta zama daidai, shi ya sa ake iya amfani da lif, kayan aikin injin, da sauransu daidai.
5, Takaitaccen Bayani
A taƙaice, mun fahimci cewa an raba na'urorin ɓoye bayanai zuwa matakai masu sauƙi da kuma cikakke bisa ga tsarinsu, kuma dukansu suna canza wasu sigina, kamar siginar gani, zuwa siginar lantarki waɗanda za a iya bincika su kuma a sarrafa su. Ɗaukar lif da kayan aikin injin da aka saba amfani da su a rayuwarmu sun dogara ne akan daidaitaccen daidaitawar injin, kuma ta hanyar amsawar rufe-maki na siginar lantarki, na'urar ɓoye bayanai tare da na'urar ɓoye bayanai ita ma hanya ce ta halitta don cimma daidaitaccen sarrafawa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-20-2023