Injinan StepperNa'urori ne masu motsi daban-daban waɗanda ke da fa'ida mai rahusa fiye da na'urorin servo su ne na'urori da ke canza makamashin inji da na lantarki. Motar da ke canza makamashin inji zuwa makamashin lantarki ana kiranta "janareto"; injin da ke canza makamashin lantarki zuwa makamashin inji ana kiransa "motor". Motocin stepper da na'urorin servo samfuran sarrafa motsi ne waɗanda za su iya gano ainihin motsin kayan aikin atomatik da yadda suke motsawa, kuma galibi ana amfani da su wajen kera kayan aikin sarrafa kansa.
Akwai nau'ikan rotor na stepper motor guda uku: reactive (nau'in VR), magnet na dindindin (nau'in PM) da hybrid (nau'in HB). 1) Reactive (nau'in VR): gear tare da haƙoran rotor. 2) Magnet na dindindin (nau'in PM): rotor tare da magnet na dindindin. 3) Hybrid (nau'in HB): gear tare da magnet na dindindin da haƙoran rotor. Ana rarraba injinan stepper bisa ga madaidaitan windings akan stator: akwai jerin matakai biyu, matakai uku da matakai biyar. Motocin da stators biyu suna zama injinan matakai biyu kuma waɗanda ke da stators biyar ana kiransu injinan matakai biyar. Da zarar an sami matakai da nasara a kan injin stepper, to da daidaito yake.
Motocin HB na iya cimma ƙaramin motsi na matakai masu daidaito, yayin da injinan PM gabaɗaya ba sa buƙatar ingantaccen iko.Injinan HBzai iya cimma buƙatun sarrafa motsi masu rikitarwa da daidaito. Motocin PM suna da ƙanƙanta a ƙarfin juyi da girma, gabaɗaya ba sa buƙatar ingantaccen sarrafawa, kuma suna da araha a farashi. Masana'antu: injinan yadi, marufi na abinci. Dangane da tsarin samarwa da daidaiton sarrafa mota,Injinan stepper na HBsun fi motocin stepper na PM tsada.
Motocin Stepper da injin servo dukkansu samfuran sarrafa motsi ne, amma sun bambanta a cikin aikin samfurin su. Motocin stepper na'urar motsi ce mai rarrabewa wacce ke karɓar umarni kuma tana aiwatar da mataki. Motocin stepper suna canza siginar bugun shigarwa zuwa canjin kusurwa. Lokacin da direban motar stepper ya karɓi siginar bugun jini, yana tura motar stepper don juyawa ta kusurwa mai tsayayye a cikin alkiblar da aka saita. Motocin servo tsarin servo ne wanda ake canza siginar lantarki zuwa karfin juyi da sauri don tuƙa abin sarrafawa, wanda zai iya sarrafa gudu da daidaiton matsayi.
✓ Injinan Stepper, injinan servo sun bambanta sosai dangane da halayen ƙarancin mita, halayen mitar lokaci da ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya:.
Daidaiton sarrafawa: yayin da ake ƙara matakai da layuka na injinan stepper, daidaiton ya fi girma; daidaiton sarrafawa na injinan AC servo yana da garantin ta hanyar mai juyawa a ƙarshen bayan shaft ɗin motar, yayin da daidaiton encoder ya fi girma, daidaiton ya fi girma.
✓ Halayen ƙarancin mitoci: injinan stepper suna da saurin kamuwa da girgizar ƙasa a ƙananan gudu, wannan yanayin girgizar ƙasa da aka ƙaddara ta ƙa'idar aiki na injinan stepper yana da illa ga aikin yau da kullun na injin, kuma gabaɗaya suna amfani da fasahar damping don shawo kan lamarin girgizar ƙasa; Tsarin AC servo suna da aikin damtsewar resonance, wanda zai iya rufe rashin tauri na injinan. Aikin yana da santsi sosai kuma babu wani abin da ke faruwa na girgiza ko da a ƙananan gudu.
✓ Halayen mitar karfin juyi: karfin fitarwa na injinan stepper yana raguwa da karuwar gudu, don haka matsakaicin saurin aikinsu shine 300-600RPM; injinan servo zasu iya fitar da karfin juyi mai kyau har zuwa saurin da aka kimanta (galibi 2000-3000RPM), kuma saurin da ya wuce kima shine fitarwar wutar lantarki akai-akai.
✓ Ikon ɗaukar nauyi fiye da kima: injinan stepper ba su da ikon ɗaukar nauyi fiye da kima; injinan servo suna da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi mai ƙarfi.
✓ Aikin amsawa: injinan stepper suna ɗaukar 200-400 ms don hanzartawa daga tsayawa zuwa saurin aiki (juyin juya hali da yawa a minti ɗaya); AC servo yana da ingantaccen aikin hanzartawa kuma ana iya amfani da shi a cikin yanayin sarrafawa wanda ke buƙatar farawa/tsayawa cikin sauri. Misali, Panasonic MASA 400W AC servo, yana hanzartawa daga tsayawa zuwa ƙimar saurinsa na 3000RPM cikin ƴan mintuna kaɗan.
Aikin aiki: injinan stepper suna da ikon sarrafa madauri a buɗe, kuma suna iya rasa matakai ko toshewa lokacin da mitar farawa ta yi yawa ko nauyin ya yi yawa, kuma suna iya wuce gona da iri lokacin da saurin ya yi yawa lokacin tsayawa; Ana sarrafa AC servo a rufe, kuma direban zai iya yin samfurin siginar amsawar mai shigar da motar kai tsaye, don haka gabaɗaya babu asarar matakai ko overshoot na motar stepper, kuma aikin sarrafawa ya fi aminci.
AC servo ya fi stepper motor kyau a fannin aiki, amma stepper motor yana da fa'idar ƙarancin farashi. AC servo ya fi stepper motors kyau a fannin saurin amsawa, ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya da kuma aikin aiki, amma ana amfani da stepper motors a wasu yanayi marasa wahala saboda fa'idar aikinsu na farashi. Tare da amfani da fasahar rufe-maki, stepper motors na rufe-maki na iya samar da kyakkyawan daidaito da inganci, wanda zai iya cimma wasu daga cikin aikin servo motors, amma kuma yana da fa'idar ƙarancin farashi.
Duba gaba ka tsara yankunan da ke tasowa. Aikace-aikacen motar Stepper sun fuskanci canje-canje a tsarinta, inda kasuwar gargajiya ta kai ga cikar ta, kuma sabbin masana'antu suka fito. Injinan sarrafawa na kamfanin da kayayyakin tsarin tuƙi sun kasance a cikin kayan aikin likita, robot na sabis, sarrafa kansa na masana'antu, bayanai da sadarwa, tsaro da sauran masana'antu masu tasowa, waɗanda ke da babban kaso na kasuwancin gabaɗaya kuma suna ƙaruwa cikin sauri. Bukatar injin stepper yana da alaƙa da tattalin arziki, fasaha, matakin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu da matakin haɓaka fasaha na injin stepper kansu. Kasuwa ta kai ga cikar ta a masana'antu na gargajiya kamar sarrafa ofis, kyamarorin dijital da kayan aikin gida, yayin da sabbin masana'antu ke ci gaba da fitowa, kamar bugawa ta 3D, samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana, kayan aikin likita da aikace-aikacen mota.
| Filaye | Takamaiman aikace-aikace |
| Aiki da kai na ofis | Firintoci, na'urorin daukar hoto, na'urorin kwafi, na'urorin MFP, da sauransu. |
| Hasken Mataki | Sarrafa alkiblar haske, mayar da hankali, canza launi, sarrafa tabo, tasirin haske, da sauransu. |
| Banki | Injinan ATM, buga lissafin kuɗi, samar da katin banki, injinan ƙidaya kuɗi, da sauransu. |
| Likita | Na'urar daukar hoton CT, na'urar nazarin jini, na'urar nazarin sinadarai, da sauransu. |
| Masana'antu | Injinan yadi, injinan marufi, robot, na'urorin jigilar kaya, layukan haɗawa, injinan sanyawa, da sauransu. |
| Sadarwa | Tsarin sigina, wurin sanya eriya ta hannu, da sauransu. |
| Tsaro | Sarrafa motsi don kyamarorin sa ido. |
| Motoci | Kula da bawul ɗin mai/gas, tsarin tuƙi mai sauƙi. |
Masana'antar da ke tasowa 1: Buga 3D yana ci gaba da samun ci gaba a fannin fasahar bincike da ci gaba da faɗaɗa yanayin aikace-aikacen a ɓangaren da ke ƙasa, tare da kasuwannin cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje suna ƙaruwa da kusan kashi 30%. Buga 3D ya dogara ne akan samfuran dijital, yana tattara kayan aiki daga layi zuwa layi don ƙirƙirar abubuwa na zahiri. Injin muhimmin sashi ne na wutar lantarki akan firintar 3D, daidaiton injin yana shafar tasirin bugu na 3D, gabaɗaya bugawa na 3D ta amfani da injinan stepper. 2019, sikelin masana'antar buga 3D na duniya na dala biliyan 12, ƙaruwar kashi 30% shekara-shekara;.
Masana'antu masu tasowa 2: Robots na wayar hannu ana sarrafa su ta kwamfuta, tare da ayyuka kamar motsi, kewayawa ta atomatik, sarrafa firikwensin da yawa, hulɗar hanyar sadarwa, da sauransu. Mafi mahimmancin amfani a cikin samarwa na aiki shine sarrafawa, tare da babban matakin rashin daidaito.
Ana amfani da injinan stepper a cikin tsarin tuƙi na robots na hannu, kuma babban tsarin tuƙi ana haɗa shi ne daga injinan tuƙi da gears na ragewa (gearboxes). Duk da cewa masana'antar robot na masana'antu ta cikin gida ta fara a makare idan aka kwatanta da ƙasashen waje, tana kan gaba da ƙasashen waje a fannin robots na hannu. A halin yanzu, manyan abubuwan da ke cikin robots na hannu galibi ana ƙera su ne a cikin gida, kuma kamfanonin cikin gida sun cimma buƙatun daidaito a kowane fanni, kuma akwai ƙarancin kamfanonin da ke fafatawa da ƙasashen waje.
Kasuwar robot ta wayar hannu ta China za ta kai kimanin dala biliyan 6.2 a shekarar 2019, wanda ya karu da kashi 45% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata. An ƙaddamar da robot na kwararru a duniya, tare da ƙaruwa sosai a ingancin tsaftacewa. An ƙaddamar da "robot na biyu" a shekarar 2018 bayan ƙaddamar da robot na ɗan adam. "robot na biyu" wata robot ce mai wayo ta kasuwanci mai amfani da na'urori masu auna sigina da yawa don gano cikas, matakala da motsin ɗan adam. Tana iya aiki na tsawon awanni uku akan caji ɗaya kuma tana iya tsaftacewa har zuwa murabba'in mita 1,500. "robot na biyu" zai iya maye gurbin yawancin ayyukan ma'aikatan tsaftacewa na yau da kullun kuma yana iya ƙara yawan aikin tsaftacewa da tsaftacewa baya ga aikin tsaftacewa da ake da shi.
Masana'antu masu tasowa 3: Tare da gabatar da 5G, adadin eriya don tashoshin tushe na sadarwa yana ƙaruwa kuma adadin injunan da ake buƙata suma suna ƙaruwa. Gabaɗaya, ana buƙatar eriya 3 don tashoshin tushe na sadarwa na yau da kullun, eriya 4-6 don tashoshin tushe na 4G, da kuma ƙaruwa a cikin adadin tashoshin tushe da eriya don aikace-aikacen 5G saboda suna buƙatar rufe hanyoyin sadarwa na wayar hannu na gargajiya da aikace-aikacen sadarwa na IoT. Kayayyakin injin sarrafawa tare da abubuwan gearbox suna zama babban ci gaba na musamman ga tashoshin eriya na tashar tushe. Ana amfani da injin sarrafawa ɗaya tare da gearbox don kowace eriya ta ESC.
Adadin tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na 4G ya karu da miliyan 1.72 a shekarar 2019, kuma ana sa ran gina 5G zai bude wani sabon zagaye. A shekarar 2019, adadin tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na wayar hannu a kasar Sin ya kai miliyan 8.41, wanda daga cikinsu miliyan 5.44 tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na 4G ne, wanda ya kai kashi 65% na shekarar 2019, adadin sabbin tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na 4G ya karu da miliyan 1.72, mafi yawa tun daga shekarar 2015, galibi saboda 1) fadada hanyoyin sadarwa don rufe wuraren da ba a gani a yankunan karkara. 2) Za a inganta karfin cibiyar sadarwa ta asali don kafa harsashin gina hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G. Za a bayar da lasisin kasuwanci na 5G na kasar Sin a watan Yunin shekarar 2019, kuma nan da watan Mayun shekarar 2020, za a bude tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na 5G sama da 250,000 a duk fadin kasar.
Masana'antu Masu Tasowa 5: Na'urorin likitanci suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan yanayin amfani da injinan stepper kuma suna ɗaya daga cikin sassan da Vic-Tech ke da hannu a ciki sosai. Daga ƙarfe zuwa filastik, na'urorin likitanci suna buƙatar babban matakin daidaito a cikin samarwarsu. Yawancin masana'antun na'urorin likitanci suna amfani da injinan servo don biyan buƙatun daidaito, amma saboda injinan stepper sun fi araha kuma sun fi ƙanƙanta fiye da servos, kuma daidaiton zai iya cika wasu na'urorin likitanci, ana amfani da injinan stepper a masana'antar kera na'urorin likitanci har ma da maye gurbin wasu injinan servo.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-19-2023